Kyoto protocol gasses

Answer

The Kyoto Protocol (adopted in 1997, effective 2005) initially targeted six key greenhouse gases (GHGs), with a seventh added during the 2012 Doha Amendment:

• Carbon Dioxide (CO2): Primary target for IMO technical measures (EEDI, EEXI, CII).
• Methane (CH4): Critical focus due to "methane slip" in dual-fuel LNG engines.
• Nitrous Oxide (N₂O): High Global Warming Potential (GWP) gas emitted during high-temperature combustion.
• Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs): Used as synthetic refrigerants (regulated under MARPOL Annex VI ODS rules).
• Perfluorocarbons (PFCs): Industrial fluorinated compounds.
• Sulfur Hexafluoride (SF₆): Used in electrical switchgear insulation.
• Nitrogen Trifluoride (NF₃): Added during the 2012 Doha Amendment (2nd commitment period).