Answer
Barriers of communication are obstacles, distortions, or interruptions that prevent a message from being clearly sent, received, or understood between the sender and receiver.
the main barriers are:
- Physical barriers – noise, distance, poor lighting, machinery noise, bad telephone/radio connection.
- Language / semantic barriers – different language, technical jargon, unfamiliar words, wrong interpretation.
- Psychological barriers – stress, fear, anger, ego, lack of confidence, prejudice.
- Cultural barriers – different customs, values, accents, communication styles.
- Organizational barriers – excessive hierarchy, poor reporting structure, unclear authority.
- Perceptual barriers – sender and receiver understand the same situation differently.
- Physiological barriers – hearing problem, fatigue, illness, poor concentration.
- Technological barriers – communication equipment failure, poor network, software/transcription errors.
- Lack of feedback – sender does not verify whether the receiver has correctly understood the message.
Between you and the surveyor during an online oral viva, the main communication barriers are:
- Technical barrier — poor internet, audio lag, microphone/camera problem, echo, disconnection.
- Physical/environmental barrier — background noise, poor lighting, interruptions, disturbance around you or the surveyor.
- Semantic/language barrier — different accent, pronunciation, maritime terminology, or misunderstanding of the question.
- Psychological barrier — nervousness, exam stress, fear, lack of confidence, which may affect your listening and speaking.
- Perceptual barrier — you may understand the surveyor’s question differently from what he actually intended.
- Non-verbal barrier — in an online viva, body language, eye contact and facial expressions are less clear than in face-to-face communication.
- Feedback barrier — delay or poor audio may make it difficult to know whether the surveyor has understood your answer.
between the surveyor and me during an online oral examination, the main barriers can be technical barriers such as internet or microphone problems, semantic barriers due to accent or terminology, psychological barriers due to nervousness, environmental noise, perceptual misunderstanding, and reduced non-verbal feedback.”