Answer
A. - Damage Stability
-It assesses the ability of a ship to remain afloat & maintain stability of the ship to remain afloat & maintain stability even with compartments flooded or structural damage
-Damage stblty calculations are crucial for evaluating a vessel’s survivability & ensuring it can withstand damage scenarios such as hull breaches, compartment flooding or eqpmnt failures.
-These calcultns consider factors like the extent & location of damage, free surface efect & re-distribution of weigt & buoyancy due to damage
Intact Stability
-The stability os ship in undamaged condition or capacity of undmgd ship to resist heeling force even if the ship is damaged, it should not loose its stability. In this Metacentric Height , GM is +ve