Answer
A-Whenever a ship owner damages a property of a third party then he will be held liable to pay for the damages but so that he does not be open to infinite liability each convention will have some limits of liability to protect him from bankruptcy.
if the liability limitation is not there then he would have to shut down his business .But in case the ship owner does it will fully or he knows that doing such a thing would lead to such a damage then the limits of liability will not be applicable.